Lumpy Skin Disease

 

Lumpy skin disease is an auto-immune disorder of cattle, dogs and other animals. It is characterized by a vast number of bumps and lumps that form on or under the skin.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an infectious disorder of cattle that affects the skin, hair, and/or horns. LSD is caused by a number of different viruses. The most common type is infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), although other chronic diseases caused by IBR can also cause Lumpy Skin Disease.

LSD is primarily transmitted in cattle and water buffalo by blood-feeding insects.A contagious, eruptive, and occasionally fatal disease of cattle, lumpy skin disease is characterized by nodules on the skin and other body regions They start losing weight and producing less milk right away.The situation is frequently made worse by secondary bacterial infection. it has expanded to a number of Middle Eastern nations. More recently, outbreaks of lumpy skin disease were discovered in the People's Republic of China, Georgia, Russia, and Bangladesh. Western countries have not reported cases of the disease.

Symptom:

Lumpy skin disease is a common skin disease of cattle. It is caused by a form of protozoan called an endosymbiont, which is too large for the animal's immune system to kill. This can lead to redness, ulceration and papule formation on the skin. Thickening of the skin may also occur in parts of the body where there has been little infection. Despite this, lumps in cattle usually resolve without complications within two weeks to six months. However Lumpy Skin Disease should not be confused with Mycoplasma bovis (or contagious keratoconjunctivitis) which can cause skin disease as well with similar symptoms.

Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) is a viral disease of cattle, horses and sheep. It is characterized by the appearance of inflamed skin lesions associated with intense itching and swelling. The body becomes covered with sores that can be painful to touch. There are two types of Lumpy Skin Disease: pustular and vesicular. Pustular Lumpy Skin Disease looks like red bumps or pimples on the skin surface, while vesicular Lumpy Skin Disease has a yellowish-green discoloration to it that appears like boils or blisters on the skin surface. 

The nodules get infected when scabs form in the center and then fall off, leaving big holes. There may be swelling of the limbs, brisket, and genitalia. eye tearing. nasal and salivary secretions are more active. 

Cause:

The main causes of lumpy skin disease in cattle include the following: cocksfoot pod (Sesbania sesban) seeds and infected grazing animals. The symptoms include a thickened, scabby or slightly swollen body. If lumps are found on the legs, it could be a sign of fungal infection. If you suspect that your herd is suffering from this condition, you should consider bedding down your animal for a few days to prevent further spread. You should also try restricting their access to different pasture types, as this may help eliminate any lingering spores that may be present in their environment.

Etiology and Epidemiology:

Etiology and epidemiology: The causative virus has a relationship with the virus that causes sheep pox. Far from the site of the first outbreak, other foci of infection frequently appear. Although it can happen in the cold, the likelihood of it happening is higher in humid summer weather.  Experiments have shown that three different species of African hard ticks can biologically transfer the disease. Because the disease can experimentally be spread through infected saliva, contact.

Diagnose:

The condition could be confused with the herpes virus-caused pseudo-lumpy skin disorder, which has little clinical significance (bovine herpes virus 2). Although the herpes virus lesions appear to be limited to the teats and udder of cows in some regions of the world. The difference between pseudo-lumpy skin disease and actual lumpy skin disease is mainly determined by the isolation and/or identification of the causative virus. Electron microscopy can show the pox virus in the early skin lesions of lumpy skin disease.

Treatment:

The condition that causes lumpy skin has NO TREATMENT. Non-specific therapy, such as antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, and vitamin injections, is typically used to treat secondary bacterial infections, inflammation, and fever as well as to increase the animal's appetite.

Prevention:

 Four strategies—movement control (quarantine), vaccination, slaughter campaigns, and management strategies—are essential for the treatment, control, and prevention of lumpy skin disease. Because country-specific management strategies differ, it is important to appropriately heed the advise of the relevant authorities and veterinarians.