Dengue fever: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention

Dengue fever, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention

dengue fever is an illness caused by a mosquito-borne virus. dengue fever is an acute viral illness. it is caused by three closely related species of mosquito-like mosquitoes, which transmit the virus. mostly spread with a fever of 101° - 104° F (38° - 40° C) .

What is dengue fever? Dengue fever is an infection caused by a virus that you get by being bitten by an infected mosquito. Normal dengue symptoms are flu-like, but they can deteriorate into severe dengue (dengue hemorrhagic fever), a condition that can be fatal. A second infection raises your likelihood of developing serious symptoms. Even if you've already had dengue, you can still obtain the vaccine.

It usually starts with flu-like symptoms that become worse over time. The most common symptoms of dengue fever include: low-grade fever, muscle ache and headache, vomiting (with or without diarrhea), joint pain, rash and eye irritation. If you get dengue fever, there are different steps you can take to recover. 

What is dengue fever:

What is dengue fever? Dengue fever is a viral illness that can cause sickness and death. It's nicknamed "break bone fever" because the pain of its horrendous symptoms feels like chills or muscle aches that break bones

A dengue is a viral infection from one of four serotypes of the dengue viruses, all found in tropical regions. Dengue fever, commonly known as dengue, is an infectious disease caused by four different types of virus that belong to the genus Flavivirus. The symptoms are mild to severe and include fever and/or headache.

Who is impacted by dengue fever?

Africa, Central and South America, some regions of Asia, and the Pacific Islands are where dengue is most frequently found. Dengue is present in a few areas of the United States. More than half of the world's population, who reside or travel to these areas, are most at risk. 

Symptoms:

Mild symptoms:

A rapid fever of roughly 101- 104°F (38-40°C) or greater may occur if symptoms appear and include one or more of the following:

• Painful joints and muscles
• Rash
• Suffering from eye pain
• Nauseous and dizzy
• Flushing of the face
• Unwell throat
• Headache

Very bad symptoms:

The temperature typically 99.5 to 1 falls 99.5 to 100.4°F (37.5 to 38°C) in the beginning.  severe dengue symptoms may then start to manifest 24 to 48 hours later.or 3 to 7 days after the person feeling unwell.

They consist of:

• Abdominal ache or discomfort
• At least three vomits within a 24-hour period
• Bleeding from the gums or nose
• Throwing up blood
• Stool with blood in it
• Fatigue
• Feeling agitated or restless
• Temperature swings from extremely hot to extremely chilly
• Clammy, frigid skin
• A fast, erratic pulse
• A narrowing of the pulse  pressure ( systolic blood pressure- diastolic blood pressure) differential

Causes:

One of the four dengue viruses is what causes dengue illness. dengue fever is spread through mosquito bite . You may feel ill due to the virus itself and the immune system's reaction.The virus can damage blood components that help you create clots and give your blood vessels shape.Dengue fever can occur more than once in one person. They won't be immune to the other three viruses, but they will grow immune to the specific virus that caused it.

This implies that one of the other three virus types could infect you once more in the future. In the event that you contract dengue fever a second, third, or fourth time, your risk of acquiring severe dengue fever rises.

Diagnosis:

Blood tests are used to diagnose dengue disease. In order to check for dengue virus, your healthcare professional will draw blood from you and send it to a lab for analysis. Additionally, this could tell you which of the four versions you have. A blood test might be used by your doctor to check for additional infections that cause comparable symptoms.

Treatment:

Dengue fever cannot be treated with medication. Your doctor will advise you on how to treat your symptoms and whether or not you need to visit the emergency room.

• Consuming water to avoid become dehydration.
• Obtaining lots of sleep.
• Using a pain reliever that can also lower fever, such as paracetamol.

Take no aspirin . Your chance of internal bleeding that could be fatal may increase as a result.

once your fever has goes down a doctor might advise hospitalization and:

• IV fluid administration.
• A transfusion of blood.
• Sometimes a platelet transfusion.
• 10% to 20% of severe cases Trusted Source may be deadly without treatment. Treatment reduces this figure to 1%.

Prevention:

to protect your self:

• Make sure your door and window screens are sturdy and gap-free. If your sleeping accommodations don't have air conditioning or screens, use mosquito netting.
• When you're outside, put on long sleeves and long, tucked-in pants.
• If there is air conditioning inside, use it.
• If you experience signs of dengue, visit your doctor.
• If you want to prevent mosquitoes from biting you and your family members, use more caution.
• Use insect repellents with 20% to 30% DEET or other ingredients that are proven to help deter Aedes mosquitoes. These products should be EPA-registered.
• In places where dengue is prevalent, use mosquito netting at night.
• Even inside, use insect repellents.
• Eliminate any standing water (boilers, birdbaths, and old tyres that may retain rainwater) and fill any low areas where water may collect.

stop dengue

Vaccination for dengue:

You should only get the dengue vaccine (DengvaxiaTM) if you've already had the disease. If you contract a different strain of the dengue virus in the future, it may lower your risk of developing severe dengue (dengue hemorrhagic fever).

It is not advised to get the vaccine if you have never experienced dengue. Being immunized before contracting dengue for the first time can raise your chance of developing severe dengue because a previous infection with the virus increases your likelihood of becoming sicker if you contract another strain of the virus (antibody-dependent enhancement). To establish that you had dengue before receiving the vaccination, your doctor will do a blood test to look for indicators of a prior illness.

 Prognosis:

The majority of dengue fever infections have minor or no symptoms, but occasionally a more serious case can develop that necessitates prompt medical intervention.

The initial dengue symptoms last for three to seven days. After this, the majority of patients start to feel better, but some have severe dengue that is life-threatening and needs to be treated in a hospital.

Most sufferers of dengue fever recover without any long-term issues. There is a one in twenty chance that dengue fever symptoms will progress into severe dengue. If you are treated right away at a hospital or medical center for acute dengue,

Dengue fever during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage, low birth weight, or early delivery. It's crucial to take precautions to avoid contracting dengue while pregnant in order to safeguard both you and the unborn child.

Yes. You can contract the dengue virus more than once because there are at least four different strains of it.

Usually, you won't get sick again from the first strain you contract since you'll develop immune to it. But after that, one of the other three strains can make you ill. In fact, if you contract dengue more than once, your chances of developing severe illness increase.